akashic
1876–2024
Birmingham, AL·Alabama

Birmingham, AL has voted Republican in fourteen straight presidential elections — R+20 in 2024.

Jefferson County's urban core anchors Alabama's most competitive metro

1876 — 2024·38 elections
AL
LatestR+20in 2024
TypologyIndustrial Catholic Metrocluster typology
Population1,184,6132024 ACS

Birmingham, AL, Alabama: Industrial Catholic Metro metro. In 2024, voted R+20%. Republican peak: R+72 in 1964.

Key facts

2024 presidential margin
R+20MIT Election Lab
Political typology
Industrial Catholic MetroAkashic typology
Population
1,184,6132024 5-year
Median household income
$72,4642024 5-year
White (non-Hispanic)
62.3%2024 5-year
Black
28.4%2024 5-year
Hispanic / Latino
6.0%2024 5-year
Peak Democratic margin
D+68 in 1936MIT Election Lab
Peak Republican margin
R+72 in 1964MIT Election Lab
2024 presidential election
Birmingham, AL
TrumpR+20
—
2024 presidential margin by county for Birmingham, AL, ALA map of the constituent counties of Birmingham, AL, AL, each outlined and filled by its 2024 presidential margin from deep red (Republican) through neutral to deep blue (Democratic).Chilton County, AL · R+72Bibb County, AL · R+64Blount County, AL · R+81St. Clair County, AL · R+64Shelby County, AL · R+41Jefferson County, AL · D+10Walker County, AL · R+72
How it voted
Share of the 2024 vote
Donald Trump ✓Republican59.1%321,600
Kamala HarrisDemocratic39.3%213,834
OtherAll other candidates1.6%8,463
D+60
R+60
7 counties, each filled by 2024 D-vs-R margin. Hover any county for its result.
presidential history
Presidential margin, 1876–2024
Democratic minus Republican, by election
Presidential margin over timeDemocratic-minus-Republican presidential margin from 1876 to 2024. Most recent: −19.8% in 2024.flipped R · 1972−19.8%DR18762024
Presidential margin over time
YearMargin (D minus R)
1876+45.1%
1880+43.7%
1884+19.1%
1888+30.8%
1892+54.1%
1896+29.3%
1900+2.6%
1904+39.9%
1908+27.1%
1912+49.9%
1916+34.5%
1920+25.7%
1924+24.4%
1928−7.5%
1932+60.8%
1936+67.5%
1940+59.0%
1944+51.3%
1948−23.7%
1952+12.3%
1956−2.6%
1960−8.5%
1964−71.5%
1968+4.4%
1972−44.5%
1976−0.6%
1980−7.8%
1984−23.9%
1988−21.3%
1992−12.8%
1996−11.9%
2000−16.5%
2004−27.2%
2008−18.8%
2012−20.3%
2016−21.6%
2020−16.4%
2024−19.8%
DemocraticRepublican
38 presidential elections
Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024).
YearWonMarginDemocraticRepublicanTotal
R
−19.8%
213,834321,600543,897
R
−16.4%
235,233329,032572,902
R
−21.6%
196,877308,383516,699
R
−20.3%
200,854304,622509,982
R
−18.8%
209,752307,963522,603
R
−27.2%
171,413300,469475,198
R
−16.5%
173,671243,751425,788
R
−11.9%
163,794210,672393,013
R
−12.8%
170,833226,448435,900
R
−21.3%
141,126217,946361,161
R
−23.9%
136,820223,718362,879
R
−7.8%
152,776180,057349,085
R
−0.6%
143,658145,440294,135
R
−44.5%
68,184183,185258,591
O
+4.4%
61,33949,599267,546
R
−71.5%
0132,455185,153
R
−8.5%
65,64178,023145,271
R
−2.6%
57,75760,987124,640
D
+12.3%
57,17344,557102,257
O
−23.7%
013,57557,164
D
+51.3%
44,89914,33959,521
D
+59.0%
55,64014,22270,158
D
+67.5%
53,66810,15464,424
D
+60.8%
45,67410,72357,474
R
−7.5%
28,15232,71261,013
D
+24.4%
25,45314,67344,181
D
+25.7%
40,28223,51065,260
D
+34.5%
18,9059,00028,710
D
+49.9%
15,7392,78225,954
D
+27.1%
13,7257,56422,740
D
+39.9%
13,2835,09920,492
D
+2.6%
10,0519,50820,774
D
+29.3%
18,3229,72829,282
D
+54.1%
18,21688632,014
D
+30.8%
13,6837,19421,036
D
+19.1%
8,0965,47813,688
D
+43.7%
7,4162,83410,487
D
+45.1%
8,5303,23011,760

Demographics

2024 ACS
Race, ethnicity, and ancestry
Click any group to see the ancestries typically reported within it.
English
12.8%
American
11.4%
Irish
7.3%
German
5.7%
Scottish
2.2%
Italian
2.0%
French
1.0%
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release. Hispanic/Latino is an ethnicity that overlaps the race categories, so these shares can total more than 100%. Ancestry is a self-reported, multiple-response item; ancestry percentages do not sum to the parent race percentage.
2024 ACS
Age distribution by sex
Median age: 38.9 in this county, 39.1 nationally
Male
Age
Female
0.6%
85+
1.2%
2.1%
75–84
2.9%
4.7%
65–74
5.7%
6.0%
55–64
6.6%
6.0%
45–54
6.3%
6.3%
35–44
6.7%
6.5%
25–34
6.8%
4.3%
18–24
4.4%
8.7%
5–17
8.3%
3.0%
<5
2.9%
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.
2024 ACS
Median household income
Inflation-adjusted dollars
$72,464
Birmingham, AL ranks near the middle of US counties.
Birmingham, AL$72,464
Alabama$63,999
United States$80,734
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.
2024 ACS
Poverty rate
All persons below federal poverty line
13.8%
Children face moderate poverty.
Children under 1818.9%
Working age (18–64)12.1%
Seniors (65+)13.3%
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.
2024 ACS
Language at home
Population aged 5 and older
92.8%
speak English only
Spanish4.8%
Asian & Pacific Islander0.9%
Other Indo-European0.9%
Other languages0.5%
Source · ACS 5-year estimates, 2024.
2020 religion census
Religious adherents
Adherents per capita by tradition
Baptist
31.7%
Other Christian
15.8%
Methodist
7.3%
Catholic & Orthodox
4.8%
Pentecostal & Holiness
3.6%
Mainline Protestant
3.5%
Non-Christian
1.4%
Source · 2020 US Religion Census. Remaining 31.9% of residents not counted as adherents by any reporting body.

The Birmingham metro blends a majority-Black urban center with heavily Republican suburban and exurban counties, producing a persistent split-ticket dynamic that makes Jefferson County a perennial bellwether for statewide margins.

Across the recorded series it reached a Democratic high of sixty-eight points in 1936 and a Republican high of seventy-two points in 1964. Between 2020 and 2024 the metro moved three points toward the Republican candidate; the 2024 margin was twenty points.

A population of 1,184,613, a 62% non-Hispanic-white share, and a median household income of $72,464 describe the metro.

Compare two places, side by side

Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →

Cite this page
All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.
Birmingham, AL, Alabama. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cbsa/13820/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.
License: CC BY 4.0

Frequently asked questions

How did Birmingham, AL, Alabama vote in 2024?
In 2024, Birmingham, AL, Alabama voted Republican by 19.8 points (R+20), carried by the Republican candidate. Out of 543,897 votes cast, 213,834 went Democratic and 321,600 went Republican.
What is Birmingham, AL, Alabama's political typology?
Akashic places Birmingham, AL, Alabama in the "Industrial Catholic Metro" typology. The typology is a data-driven cluster built from vote share, vote swing, race and ethnicity, income, language spoken at home, religion, and ancestry. Across 38 elections in the dataset, the metro has voted Democratic 18 times, Republican 18 times, and other 2 times.
When did Birmingham, AL, Alabama last vote Democratic?
The most recent presidential election in which Birmingham, AL, Alabama voted Democratic was 1952.
How many people live in Birmingham, AL, Alabama?
Birmingham, AL, Alabama has a population of 1,184,613 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.
What is the median household income in Birmingham, AL, Alabama?
Median household income in Birmingham, AL, Alabama is $72,464 — below the national median of $80,734. The Alabama state median is $63,999.
What is the political history of Birmingham, AL, Alabama?
Akashic tracks 38 presidential elections in Birmingham, AL, Alabama from 1876 to 2024. Of those, 18 went Democratic and 18 went Republican. The metro's typology — "Industrial Catholic Metro" — captures where that record, its demographics, and its recent swing place it among American communities.