Texas 31st Congressional District: Diversifying Metro district. In 2024, voted R+23%. Republican peak: R+38 in 2012.
Key facts
- 2024 presidential margin
- R+23MIT Election Lab
- Political typology
- Diversifying MetroAkashic typology
- Population
- 1,013,4682024 5-year
- Median household income
- $91,5392024 5-year
- White (non-Hispanic)
- 57.7%2024 5-year
- Black
- 12.2%2024 5-year
- Hispanic / Latino
- 24.6%2024 5-year
- Peak Republican margin
- R+38 in 2012MIT Election Lab
DW-NOMINATE
Member ideology
R
CARTER, John R.
CARTER scores 0.49 on the first NOMINATE dimension (−1 most liberal, +1 most conservative).
Source · Voteview / Lewis, Poole, Rosenthal et al. (CC-BY).
2024 presidential election
Congressional District 31
TrumpR+23
How it voted
Share of the 2024 vote
| Donald Trump ✓Republican | 60.8% | 230,603 |
|---|---|---|
| Kamala HarrisDemocratic | 37.6% | 142,617 |
| OtherAll other candidates | 1.7% | 6,324 |
D+60R+60
6 counties, each filled by 2024 D-vs-R margin. Hover any county for its result.
presidential history
Presidential margin, 2008–2024
Democratic minus Republican, by election
| Year | Margin (D minus R) |
|---|---|
| 2008 | −28.0% |
| 2012 | −37.7% |
| 2016 | −29.9% |
| 2020 | −20.3% |
| 2024 | −23.2% |
DemocraticRepublican
5 presidential elections
| Year | Won | Margin | Democratic | Republican | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R | 142,617 | 230,603 | 379,544 | ||
| R | 133,062 | 202,315 | 340,758 | ||
| R | 78,125 | 151,661 | 245,632 | ||
| R | 62,451 | 138,060 | 200,511 | ||
| R | 71,864 | 128,359 | 202,044 |
Congressional elections · 17 Senate races
U.S. Senate
| Year | Won | D % | R % | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | R | 44.6% | 53.1% | 11,291,854 |
| 2020 | R | 43.9% | 53.5% | 11,144,040 |
| 2018 | R | 48.3% | 50.9% | 8,371,655 |
| 2014 | R | 34.4% | 61.6% | 4,648,358 |
| 2012 | R | 40.6% | 56.5% | 7,864,822 |
| 2008 | R | 42.8% | 54.8% | 7,912,075 |
| 2006 | R | 36.0% | 61.7% | 4,314,663 |
| 2002 | R | 43.3% | 55.3% | 4,514,012 |
| 2000 | R | 32.3% | 65.1% | 6,267,964 |
| 1996 | R | 43.9% | 54.8% | 5,527,441 |
| 1994 | R | 38.3% | 60.8% | 4,279,940 |
| 1990 | R | 37.4% | 60.2% | 3,822,157 |
| 1988 | D | 59.2% | 40.0% | 5,323,606 |
| 1984 | R | 41.4% | 58.5% | 5,314,178 |
| 1982 | D | 58.6% | 40.5% | 3,103,167 |
| 1978 | R | 49.3% | 49.8% | 2,312,540 |
| 1976 | D | 56.8% | 42.2% | 3,874,230 |
Demographics
2024 ACS
Race, ethnicity, and ancestry
Click any group to see the ancestries typically reported within it.
German
13.0%
English
10.3%
Irish
8.0%
American
5.2%
Italian
2.7%
Scottish
2.0%
French
1.8%
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release. Hispanic/Latino is an ethnicity that overlaps the race categories, so these shares can total more than 100%. Ancestry is a self-reported, multiple-response item; ancestry percentages do not sum to the parent race percentage.
2024 ACS
Age distribution by sex
Median age: 35.9 in this county, 39.1 nationally
Male
Age
Female
85+
75–84
65–74
55–64
45–54
35–44
25–34
18–24
5–17
<5
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.
2024 ACS
Median household income
Inflation-adjusted dollars
$91,539
Congressional District 31 ranks near the middle of US counties.
Congressional District 31$91,539
Texas$78,476
United States$80,734
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.
2024 ACS
Poverty rate
All persons below federal poverty line
9.6%
Child poverty is below the national average.
Children under 1812.2%
Working age (18–64)8.6%
Seniors (65+)9.4%
Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.
2024 ACS
Language at home
Population aged 5 and older
78.1%
speak English only
Spanish13.9%
Asian & Pacific Islander3.9%
Other Indo-European3.2%
Other languages0.9%
Source · ACS 5-year estimates, 2024.
2020 religion census
Religious adherents
Adherents per capita by tradition
Source · 2020 US Religion Census. Remaining 56.4% of residents not counted as adherents by any reporting body.
Texas's 31st stretches across fast-growing Williamson County north of Austin, where an influx of tech-sector workers has compressed a margin that once ran well into double digits, making it a closely watched bellwether for suburban realignment statewide.
Across the recorded series it reached a Republican high of thirty-eight points in 2012. Between 2020 and 2024 the district moved three points toward the Republican candidate; the 2024 margin was twenty-three points.
A population of 1,013,468, a 58% non-Hispanic-white share, and a median household income of $91,539 describe the district.
Compare two places, side by side
Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →
Cite this page
All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.
Congressional District 31, Texas. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cd/4831/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.
License: CC BY 4.0
Frequently asked questions
How did Congressional District 31, Texas vote in 2024?
In 2024, Congressional District 31, Texas voted Republican by 23.2 points (R+23), carried by the Republican candidate. Out of 379,544 votes cast, 142,617 went Democratic and 230,603 went Republican.
What is Congressional District 31, Texas's political typology?
Akashic places Congressional District 31, Texas in the "Diversifying Metro" typology. The typology is a data-driven cluster built from vote share, vote swing, race and ethnicity, income, language spoken at home, religion, and ancestry. Across 5 elections in the dataset, the district has voted Democratic 0 times, Republican 5 times, and other 0 times.
How many people live in Congressional District 31, Texas?
Congressional District 31, Texas has a population of 1,013,468 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.
What is the median household income in Congressional District 31, Texas?
Median household income in Congressional District 31, Texas is $91,539 — above the national median of $80,734. The Texas state median is $78,476.
What is the political history of Congressional District 31, Texas?
Akashic tracks 5 presidential elections in Congressional District 31, Texas from 2008 to 2024. Of those, 0 went Democratic and 5 went Republican. The district's typology — "Diversifying Metro" — captures where that record, its demographics, and its recent swing place it among American communities.