Pennsylvania — Elections 1876–2024

Pennsylvania: state. In 2024, voted R+2%. Republican peak: R+46 in 1924.

Key facts

2024 presidential margin: R+2MIT Election Lab
Political typology: Akashic typology
Population: 13,018,6392024 5-year
Median household income: $77,9712024 5-year
White (non-Hispanic): 74.5%2024 5-year
Black: 10.7%2024 5-year
Hispanic / Latino: 8.7%2024 5-year
Peak Democratic margin: D+30 in 1964MIT Election Lab
Peak Republican margin: R+46 in 1924MIT Election Lab

2024 presidential election

Pennsylvania

TrumpR+2

—

How it voted

Share of the 2024 vote

Donald Trump ✓Republican	50.2%	3,543,308
Kamala HarrisDemocratic	48.5%	3,423,042
OtherAll other candidates	1.3%	91,919

D+60

R+60

67 counties, each filled by 2024 D-vs-R margin. Hover any county for its result.

presidential history

Presidential margin, 1876–2024

Democratic minus Republican, by election

Presidential margin over time
Year	Margin (D minus R)
1876	No data
1880	No data
1884	No data
1888	No data
1892	−6.4%
1896	−24.7%
1900	−24.6%
1904	−40.7%
1908	−23.4%
1912	+10.0%
1916	−14.0%
1920	−38.6%
1924	−46.3%
1928	−31.4%
1932	−5.5%
1936	+16.0%
1940	+6.9%
1944	+2.8%
1948	−4.0%
1952	−5.9%
1956	−13.2%
1960	+2.3%
1964	+30.2%
1968	+3.6%
1972	−20.0%
1976	+2.7%
1980	−7.1%
1984	−7.4%
1988	−2.3%
1992	+9.0%
1996	+9.2%
2000	+4.2%
2004	+2.5%
2008	+10.3%
2012	+5.4%
2016	−0.7%
2020	+1.2%
2024	−1.7%

DemocraticRepublican

38 presidential elections

Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024).
Year	Won	Margin	Democratic	Republican	Total
2024	R	−1.7%	3,423,042	3,543,308	7,058,269
2020	D	+1.2%	3,458,229	3,377,674	6,915,283
2016	R	−0.7%	2,926,458	2,970,742	6,166,938
2012	D	+5.4%	2,990,274	2,680,434	5,755,620
2008	D	+10.3%	3,276,363	2,655,885	5,995,137
2004	D	+2.5%	2,938,095	2,793,847	5,766,120
2000	D	+4.2%	2,485,967	2,281,127	4,913,027
1996	D	+9.2%	2,215,819	1,801,169	4,501,307
1992	D	+9.0%	2,239,164	1,791,841	4,959,810
1988	R	−2.3%	2,194,944	2,300,087	4,536,251
1984	R	−7.4%	2,228,131	2,584,323	4,844,903
1980	R	−7.1%	1,937,540	2,261,872	4,561,501
1976	D	+2.7%	2,328,677	2,205,604	4,620,787
1972	R	−20.0%	1,796,951	2,714,521	4,592,106
1968	D	+3.6%	2,259,405	2,090,017	4,747,928
1964	D	+30.2%	3,130,954	1,673,657	4,822,690
1960	D	+2.3%	2,556,282	2,439,956	5,006,541
1956	R	−13.2%	1,981,769	2,585,252	4,576,503
1952	R	−5.9%	2,146,269	2,415,789	4,580,969
1948	R	−4.0%	1,752,426	1,902,197	3,735,348
1944	D	+2.8%	1,940,479	1,835,054	3,794,793
1940	D	+6.9%	2,171,035	1,889,848	4,078,714
1936	D	+16.0%	2,353,987	1,690,200	4,138,436
1932	R	−5.5%	1,295,948	1,453,540	2,859,124
1928	R	−31.4%	1,067,586	2,055,382	3,150,612
1924	R	−46.3%	409,192	1,401,481	2,144,719
1920	R	−38.6%	503,843	1,218,216	1,852,616
1916	R	−14.0%	521,784	703,823	1,297,292
1912	O	+10.0%	395,637	273,360	1,217,736
1908	R	−23.4%	448,782	745,779	1,267,450
1904	R	−40.7%	337,998	840,949	1,236,738
1900	R	−24.6%	424,232	712,665	1,173,210
1896	R	−24.7%	433,228	728,300	1,194,355
1892	R	−6.4%	452,264	516,011	1,003,010
1888	—	No data	—	—	—
1884	—	No data	—	—	—
1880	—	No data	—	—	—
1876	—	No data	—	—	—

Congressional elections · 17 Senate races

U.S. Senate

Source · MIT Election Lab (MEDSL), Senate. CC-BY 4.0.
Year	Won	D %	R %	Total
2024	R	48.6%	48.8%	6,963,137
2022	D	51.2%	46.3%	5,368,021
2018	D	55.6%	42.7%	4,994,643
2016	R	47.3%	48.8%	6,051,856
2012	D	53.7%	44.6%	5,627,422
2010	R	49.0%	51.0%	3,977,661
2006	D	58.6%	41.3%	4,081,043
2004	R	42.0%	52.6%	5,559,105
2000	R	45.5%	52.4%	4,735,116
1998	R	34.8%	61.3%	2,957,499
1994	R	46.9%	49.4%	3,513,361
1992	R	46.3%	49.1%	4,802,410
1988	R	32.4%	66.5%	4,366,598
1986	R	42.9%	56.4%	3,378,226
1982	R	39.2%	59.3%	3,604,108
1980	R	48.0%	50.5%	4,418,042
1976	R	46.8%	52.4%	4,546,353

Demographics

2024 ACS

Race, ethnicity, and ancestry

Click any group to see the ancestries typically reported within it.

German

21.6%

Irish

14.8%

Italian

10.6%

English

8.3%

Polish

5.4%

American

4.4%

Scottish

1.1%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release. Hispanic/Latino is an ethnicity that overlaps the race categories, so these shares can total more than 100%. Ancestry is a self-reported, multiple-response item; ancestry percentages do not sum to the parent race percentage.

2024 ACS

Age distribution by sex

Median age: 41.2 in this county, 39.1 nationally

Male

Age

Female

0.8%

85+

1.6%

2.5%

75–84

3.2%

5.4%

65–74

6.0%

6.7%

55–64

6.9%

6.0%

45–54

6.0%

6.3%

35–44

6.2%

6.6%

25–34

6.4%

4.5%

18–24

4.4%

7.8%

5–17

7.4%

2.7%

2.5%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

2024 ACS

Median household income

Inflation-adjusted dollars

$77,971

Pennsylvania ranks near the middle of US counties.

Pennsylvania$77,971

United States$80,734

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

2024 ACS

Poverty rate

All persons below federal poverty line

11.7%

Children face moderate poverty.

Children under 1815.6%

Working age (18–64)10.6%

Seniors (65+)11.6%

Source · American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2024 release.

2024 ACS

Language at home

Population aged 5 and older

87.6%

speak English only

Spanish5.6%

Other Indo-European3.8%

Asian & Pacific Islander2.2%

Other languages0.9%

Source · ACS 5-year estimates, 2024.

2020 religion census

Religious adherents

Adherents per capita by tradition

Catholic & Orthodox

22.3%

Other Christian

7.9%

Mainline Protestant

6.6%

Methodist

3.8%

Non-Christian

2.5%

Baptist

2.0%

Pentecostal & Holiness

1.7%

Source · 2020 US Religion Census. Remaining 53.1% of residents not counted as adherents by any reporting body.

Pennsylvania sits in the Mid-Atlantic. In 2024 it voted Republican.

Across the recorded series it reached a Democratic high of thirty points in 1964 and a Republican high of forty-six points in 1924. Between 2020 and 2024 the state moved three points toward the Republican candidate; the 2024 margin was two points.

A population of 13,018,639, a 75% non-Hispanic-white share, and a median household income of $77,971 describe the state.

Compare two places, side by side

Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →

Cite this page

All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.

Pennsylvania. Akashic. https://akashic.app/state/PA/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.

License: CC BY 4.0

Frequently asked questions

How did Pennsylvania vote in 2024?

In 2024, Pennsylvania voted Republican by 1.7 points (R+2), carried by the Republican candidate. Out of 7,058,269 votes cast, 3,423,042 went Democratic and 3,543,308 went Republican.

What is Pennsylvania's political typology?

Akashic places Pennsylvania in the "" typology. The typology is a data-driven cluster built from vote share, vote swing, race and ethnicity, income, language spoken at home, religion, and ancestry. Across 38 elections in the dataset, the state has voted Democratic 14 times, Republican 19 times, and other 1 times.

When did Pennsylvania last vote Democratic?

The most recent presidential election in which Pennsylvania voted Democratic was 2020.

How many people live in Pennsylvania?

Pennsylvania has a population of 13,018,639 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.

What is the median household income in Pennsylvania?

Median household income in Pennsylvania is $77,971 — below the national median of $80,734. The Pennsylvania state median is $77,971.

What is the political history of Pennsylvania?

Akashic tracks 38 presidential elections in Pennsylvania from 1876 to 2024. Of those, 14 went Democratic and 19 went Republican. The state's typology — "" — captures where that record, its demographics, and its recent swing place it among American communities.

Philadelphia County, PA	R +62,457
Allegheny County, PA	D +22,374
Chester County, PA	D +18,403

Pennsylvania delivered R+2 in 2024.

Key facts

U.S. Senate

Demographics

Compare two places, side by side

Frequently asked questions