How did Birmingham, AL vote in the 2024 presidential election?

Birmingham, AL voted Republican in 2024 with a margin of R+19.8. Kamala D Harris received 213,834 votes and Donald Trump received 321,600 out of 543,897 total votes cast, a 3.4-point shift toward Republicans from 2020.

What is Birmingham, AL's political history?

Birmingham, AL has 40 presidential elections on record, spanning 1868 to 2024. It has voted Republican in every presidential election since 1972. The largest single-election swing was 82.6 points in 1972.

What are the demographics of Birmingham, AL?

Birmingham, AL has a population of 1,184,613 according to the 2020 Census. The racial composition is 60.9% non-Hispanic white, 6.0% Hispanic, 28.4% Black. About 34% of residents hold a bachelor's degree or higher. Median household income is $72,218.

Which places are most similar to Birmingham, AL?

Based on demographic and electoral similarity analysis, the three most similar metro areas to Birmingham, AL are Baton Rouge, LA, Columbia, SC, Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR. Similarity is computed using a vector embedding of demographic, economic, and electoral characteristics.

Birmingham, AL

Latest: 2024↓ R+3.4 vs 2020

Safe Republican — shifted 3.4pp toward Republicans in 2024 — 1.2M residents — 7 counties

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POPULATION
1.2M
COUNTIES
7
PRES MARGIN
R+19.8
2024
TURNOUT
61.5%
MEDIAN INCOME
$72K

Place Story

What defines Birmingham, AL

Methodology

Reliably Republican since 1972
- Safe R
- 14 straight R wins
Mobilization target, not persuasion target.
Biggest swing: R+82.6 in 1972
- 1968 → 1972
Volatile behavior — treat historical margins with caution.
Evangelical edge: 58pp over Catholics
- 7% Catholic / 65% Evangelical
Correlates nationally with Republican-leaning behavior.
Ticket-splitting: Senate ran 72.4pp behind Governor
- Divergence 72.4pp in 2014
Persuadable voters present — downballot races can run independent of presidential.
Demographically distinctive: 28% Black (+16pp vs national)
- 28% Black (+16pp vs national)

Constituent Counties

Open in Cartographer

Similarity Explorer

Similar metro areas

Nearest neighbors matched on the same place-page feature set used across the dossier system.

8 visible matches

Baton Rouge, LA

Educated rural competitive 2

R+14.8

Similarity score95%

Columbia, SC

Educated rural competitive 2

D+0.2

Similarity score93%

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR

Educated rural competitive 2

R+10.1

Similarity score93%

Greenville-Anderson-Greer, SC

Small-town rural republican 2

R+33.0

Similarity score93%

Indianapolis-Carmel-Greenwood, IN

Educated rural competitive 2

Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN

Educated rural competitive 2

R+17.5

Similarity score91%

Jacksonville, FL

Educated rural competitive 2

R+18.3

Similarity score91%

Constituent Geography

Counties in Birmingham, AL

2024 presidential results across the counties that make up this geography.

Sort:

County	Pop.	Margin	Dem	Rep	Total	Share
Jefferson	668K	D+10.4	162,112	131,123	298,704	54.9%
Shelby	230K	R+40.6	33,087	79,666	114,698	21.1%
St. Clair	94K	R+64.0	7,640	35,501	43,526	8.0%
Walker	65K	R+71.7	4,102	25,464	29,786	5.5%
Blount	60K	R+80.9	2,576	25,354	28,163	5.2%
Chilton	46K	R+72.0	2,698	16,920	19,763	3.6%
Bibb	22K	R+64.3	1,619	7,572	9,257	1.7%

7 countiesTotal votes: 543,897

Historian Query

Ask the Historian

Explore Birmingham, AL's political evolution with the Historian

“How has the Birmingham, AL metro area voted in presidential elections?”

Race & Ancestry

Who Lives Here

A race-first Census view with ancestry expansion where source coverage is strong enough to support detail.

Birmingham, ALCensus ACS 2024Ancestry detail available

Census race profile

Major Census race and ethnicity groups shown as a share of total population.

Expand rows for ancestry detail

White (Non-Hispanic) 60.9%Black 28.4%Hispanic 6.0%Multiracial 2.7%Asian 1.6%

Group	Birmingham, AL	National
▶White (Non-Hispanic)(13)	60.9%	57.4%
▶Black / African American(12)	28.4%	12.2%
▶Hispanic / Latino(17)	6.0%	19.3%
Multiracial / Other	2.7%	4.0%
▶Asian(6)	1.6%	6.0%
▶Middle Eastern / North African(8)	0.5%	0.9%
▶Native American / Alaska Native(2)	0.3%	0.9%
▶Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander(3)	0.1%	0.2%

Method notes

Census treats race and Hispanic/Latino origin as separate questions. Race categories other than Hispanic reflect total populations (small Hispanic overlap in Black, Asian, AIAN, NHPI). “Multiracial / Other” is derived as a non-overlapping remainder.

Click rows to expand ancestry detail. Ancestry from ACS B04006, B03001, B02020, B02016. Totals may differ from race — individuals can report multiple ancestries.

Black / African American (estimated remainder) is derived as Black population share minus reported Sub-Saharan African and West Indian ancestry. It is shown as an estimated ancestry detail, not a standalone Census ancestry category.

MENA estimated from ancestry reporting — Census does not have a separate MENA race category. Not shown in bar (overlaps with other race groups).

Religious Adherents

Population that are religious adherents:

68.1%(806.6K people)

U.S. Religion Census 2020

Browse all religions

Catholic-Evangelical edge: -62.4pp (vs national 4.5pp). A strongly Evangelical-leaning religious profile, which nationally correlates with Republican-leaning rural and exurban communities.

Tradition	% Pop	% Adherents	US Pop	US Adherents
Evangelical Protestant	44.1%	64.7%	—	—
Black Protestant	9.5%	14.0%	—	—
Mainline Protestant	7.1%	10.4%	—	—
Catholic	4.6%	6.8%	—	—
Other	2.7%	3.9%	—	—
LDS (Mormon)	0.6%	0.9%	—	—
Orthodox Christian	0.1%	0.2%	—	—
Non-religiousPopulation	31.9%	—	—	—

Click the chevron to expand denominations. Tradition and denomination rows label both share of total population and share of all religious adherents. Non-religious is shown as a share of total population only.

Explore Evangelical Protestant adherence nationally

Who lives in the Birmingham, AL metro area? 1,184,613 residents across 7 counties.

Demographic Comparison

Demographics

Read this geography's profile in three layers: local, state (where available), and national baseline.

Birmingham, AL vs National1.2M residents

Population & electorate

Scale, voting-age share, and this geography's footprint inside the national electorate.

Total population

Local vs state vs U.S.

1.2M

local

1.2MNational 334.9M

Share of U.S. population

Local vs state vs U.S.

0.35%

local

0.35%National 100%

Voting-age population

Local vs state vs U.S.

74.6%

local

74.6%National 75.7%

Economic profile

Income, attainment, and ownership indicators that often shape coalition structure and turnout behavior.

Median household income

Local vs state vs U.S.

$72,218

local

$72,218National $83,960

Poverty rate

Local vs state vs U.S.

13.8%

local

13.8%National 12.5%

College degree

Local vs state vs U.S.

33.8%

local

33.8%National 35.6%

Homeownership

Local vs state vs U.S.

70.8%

local

70.8%National 65.2%

Community profile

Age structure, language use, and nativity signals that explain how this geography differs from state and nation.

Median age

Local vs state vs U.S.

38.9 yrs

local

38.9 yrsNational 39.1 yrs

Age 18–29

Local vs state vs U.S.

15.2%

local

15.2%National 15.7%

Age 65+

Local vs state vs U.S.

17.1%

local

17.1%National 17.0%

Foreign born

Local vs state vs U.S.

4.5%

local

4.5%National 14.1%

Non-English at home

Local vs state vs U.S.

7.2%

local

7.2%National 22.2%

English only

Local vs state vs U.S.

92.8%

local

92.8%National 77.8%

Voter Turnout

Turnout in Birmingham, AL

Estimated using 2020 Census voting-age population.

2024 Turnout

61.5%

vs Previous

-3.3pp

Voting-Age Pop

884,234

History

1988–2024

Competitiveness

How competitive is Birmingham, AL?

Safe RAvg margin: R+19.3 (last 3 elections)

2008

R+18.8

2012

R+20.3

2016

R+21.6

2020

R+16.4

2024

R+19.8

Elasticity

5.2pp

margin range

Party Flips

last 30 years

5-Elec Avg

R+19.4

Ticket-Splitting

Do voters in Birmingham, AL split their tickets?

Divergence between offices in the same election reveals persuadable voters.

ConsistencyHeavy splitting (13/100)

2022 Office Comparisons

Offices	Margin A	Margin B	Split
Senate vs Governor	R+24.2	R+26.6	2.4pp

Average divergence across office pairs: 15.3pp

Containing Geography

Located In

Birmingham, AL sits inside these higher-level geographies.

Alabama(State)

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